Permutation-padlock



E. E. QUAINTANCE.

PERMUTATION PADLOCK. APPLICATION FILE!) JAN-13,, 1920.

Patented May 3, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E. E. QUAINTANCE. PERMUTATION PADLQCK.

, APPLICATION FILED JAN-1 3, 1920. 1,376,639. Patented May 3, 1921.

2 SHEETSQ-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELLSWORTH E. QUAINTANCE, 01? DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO THE QUAINT IMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF DENVER, COLORADO, A. CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

PERMUTATION-PADLOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 3, 1921.

-Application filed January 13, 1920. Serial No. 351,137.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, ELLswonTri E. QUArN-TANOE, a. citizen of the United States, residing at the city and countyof Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Permutation-Padlocks; and I do declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to thecharacters of reference marked theron, which form a part of thisspecification. I r

The object of this invention is to provide a padlock, controlled bypermutation devices, instead of by a key, which it is practicallyimpossible to pick.

Briefly, the invention comprises a framework which has a bail hingedthereto and carries permutation devices controlling a bolt. The bolt ispositioned in the framowork in order to engage the free end of the bail.The bolt is operated by means of a trigger projecting beyond theframework, and the trigger also operates two pallet members, one ofwhich has slight movement with respect to the other and also with respect to the bolt, while said other pallet member is movable only withthe bolt. The first, or movable, pallet member is used to lock thepermutation devices when the combination is not set to open the lock,there by preventing an unauthorized person from feeling the position ofthe tumblers in an attempt to pick the lock.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lock in closed position.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 22, of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the lock, as indicated by line 33of Fig. 2, that is, looking in a direction opposite to that of Fig. 1.

Figs. 4 and .5 are horizontal sections taken on the lines 4-4 and 5-5,respectively, of Fig. 3. V e V Fig. 6 is a view similar to that of Fig.3, with the exception that the independently movable pallet member isshown in position on the lines 7-7 and 88, respectively, of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to thatof Figs. 3 and 6, with the exceptionthat the parts are in unlocked position. This view is taken on line 99of Fig. 10.

Figs. 10 and 11 are horizontal sections on lines 10-10 and 11-11,respectively, of Fig. 9. v

Fig. 12 shows the framework with the permutation parts removedtherefrom.

' Fig. 13 is a view showing said permutation parts after removal, thecap thereof be ing lifted from operative position. Fig. 14 is afragmentary, vertical section ndicated by the line 1414 of Fig. 2,showpig the cap elevated from operative posiion.

The lock framework comprises a bottom 18 and side members 20. The bottomis constructed in general in the form of a circle to provide a pocket 21to receive the lower end of the permutation mechanism. The upperportions of the side members 20 are connected by means of a circularhousing 22, in which the upper end of the permutation device is housed.By this construction the entire permutation structure may be removedfrom theframework. A bail 23 is pivoted at 24 to the upper portion ofthe framework, while its free end is provided with a bolt-receivingnotch 25, for locking the bail in closed position. The side of thehousing 22 is provided with a wide slot 26, communicating with a longnarrow slot 27. A trigger 45, hereinafter described, operates in theslot 27, while an extension 28 on the cap 29 fits inthe slot 26. Thebail 23 is 4 moval of the cap 29 when the lock is closed.

The permutation structure comprises a circular bolt-receiving member 35,and a plurality of rotary tumblers or shells 36, which are arrangedin-pairs, the pairs being spaced by means of a washer 37, as shown. Thebottom of the permutation structure comprises a cylindrical retainer 38.The member 35 is rigidly secured to the upper end of a cylindrical core40. The tumblers 36 are mounted upon this core and rotatable ithereabout. The retainer 38 is provided with a crossbar 41, adapted toenter bayonet slots 42, formed in the core 40 for the purpose ofretaining the tumblers 36 upon the core.

A trigger 45, having a milled end projecting from the housing 22 and theboltreceiving member 35,'is pivoted upon a pm 46, which extends into thebase of the mem ber 35 and also upward into the cap,29 (Fig. 14). A bolt47 is slidable transversely in a runway formed in the base of the member35, andcarries two pallets 48 and 49. The pallet 48 directly controlsthe movement of the bolt and is movable only with the bolt. The pallet49 also extends through the bolt 47 but has a limited movement in thebolt and independently thereof. The middle portion of the top ofeach ofthe pallets 48 and 49 is cut out as indicatedat 50 (Fig. 7 to receivethe. trigger. The tr1gger is provided with a projecting reduced tongue52, for operation of the pallet 48, and with a heel 51, for operation ofthe pallet 49, the heel 51 being adapted to engage the upstandimshoulder 449, of the pallet 49, andthe tongue 52 being adapted to engagethe corresponding upstanding shoulder of the pallet 48. The heel 51 isdesigned to avoid engagement with the pallet 48 entirely, so that thepallet 49 may have limited motion imparted thereto by said heel 51, asindicated in Fig. 7, withoutaifecting the position of the pallet 48. Thecap 29 seats in the cylindrical member 35, the

projection 28 resting in notch 126 therein, while trigger 45 projectsthrough the slot 127, which communicates with notch 126 and correspondswith notch 27 in housing 22. The movement of pallet 49 in bolt 47 ispermitted by notch 249 in said pallet 49, as indicated by dotted linesin Fig. 3.

After the permutation devices are in unlocked position the tongue 52when it engages the pallet 48 will move it until it is even with thepallet 49, whereupon the tongue 52 will then move both pallets togetherwith the bolt to release the bail..

The foregoing covers substantially the in-. vention of this application.

The permutation devices are covered in my Patent No. 1,027,564, datedMay 28th, 1912. However, in order that the operation may be clear, alimited description of these permutationdevices follows:

Each tumbler or shell 36 has a transverse bottom perforated to receivethe core 40. Upon this bottom there bears a disk 55, having a singleradially disposed slot 56. Mounted upon the disk 55 is a second disk 57,having a plurality of radially disposed slots 58. The open ends of eachpair of tumblers 36 are directed toward each other, and a spaced member60 is non-rotatably mount ed upon the core 40 and between the disks 57to retain the parts in operative position, Each spacing member 60 isprovided with a pair of spring-pressed click balls 61, adapted to engagein these slots 58 of the disks 57. Each spacing member 60 is providedwith a slot at one side for the passage of the pallet members 48 and 49,and the core 40 is also provided with an elongated slot for the passageof the members 48 and '49. The pallet member 48 is provided with notches148, which have a width suflicient only to pass the bottoms of thetumblers 36. The pallet member 49 has a plurality of notches 149, whichare of sufiicient width to pass both the bottoms of the tumblers 36 andthe disks 55. Thus, at any position when the click balls 61 engage inthe slots 58, the pallet member 49 may be projected by means of the heel51 of the trigger 45 Into certain of said slots 58. But the allet member48 can be moved only when al of the disks-55 are so positioned thattheir respective single slots 56 are in alinement and in position toreceive the pallet 48. Thus, when the slots 56 are not in pro-perposition and the trigger45 is moved, the pallet 49 will enter thenotches 48 and prevent rotation of the tumblers. Under this condition,it is impossible for an unauthorized person to detect when the pallet 48would fall into the notch 56 of any tumbler; but when the slots 56 areproperly positioned, the tongue 52 will retract the pallet 48 also, andcarry withit the bolt 47 to release the bail 23.

I claim:

1. A look, comprising a pair of pallets, permutation devices to controlsaid pallets, a boltin which said pallets are mounted, one pallet andsaid bolt having'movement in unison while the other pallet has a limitedmovement independent of the bolt, a trigger engaging said pallets andadaptedto move said other pallet independently of the bolt initially andthen tomove both pallets and the bolt simultaneously.

2. A look, comprising a pair of pallets, permutation devices to controlsaid pallets,

a bolt in which said pallets are mounted,

one pallet and said bolt having movement in unison while the otherpallet has a limited movement independent of the bolt, a triggerengaging said palletsandadapted to move said other pallet independentlyof the bolt initially and then to move both pellets and A the boltsimultaneously, said pallets having notches therein to receive-thetrigger, and

said trigger having a tongue and a heel, the

including permutation devices having ma nipulating portions exposed, apallet con.- trolled by said permutation devices, a ,bolt

in the upper part' of the structure movable I with said pallet and intoengagement with the free end of said bail, a trigger projecting fromsaid structure and frame and having operative engagement with said boltand pallet and a second pallet having limited movement independently ofthe bolt and adapted to have said limited movement imparted by saidtrigger.

4. A permutation padlock, comprising a frame, a bail hinged to saidframe, a permutation structure mounted in said frame and includingpermutation devices having manipulating portions exposed, a palletcontrolled by said permutation devices, a bolt in the upper part of thestructure movable with said pallet and into engagement with the free endof said bail, a trigger projecting from said structure and frame andhaving operative engagement with said bolt and pallet, said structurehaving a cap in the top thereof for retaining said trigger, and a footon said bail to prevent removal of said cap when the bail is locked.

5. A permutation padlock comprising a frame, a bail hinged to said frameand having its free end adapted to enter a portion of the frame, apermutation structure mounted in said frame, including permutationdevices having manipulating portions exposed, a pair of palletscontrolled by said permutation devlces, a bolt movable into engagementwith said bail and in whichsaid pallets are mounted, one pallet beingmovable in unison with the bolt while the other pallet has a limitedmovement independent of said bolt and said one pallet, a triggerprojecting from said structure and frame and having engagement with saidpallets to move the same and said bolt, said trig er having a heel toengage said other pa let only for imparting said limited movement, andsaid trigger having a projecting portion to impart movement to the otherpallet for moving said bolt.

6. A permutation padlock comprising a frame, a bail hinged to said frameand having its free end adapted to enter a portion of the frame, apermutation structure mounted in said frame including permutationdevices having manipulating portions exposed, a pair of palletscontrolled by said permutation devices, a bolt movable into engagementwith said bail and in which said pallets are mounted, one pallet beingmovable in unison with the bolt while the other pallet has a limitedmovement independent of said bolt and said one pallet, a triggerprojecting from said structure and frame and having engagement with saidpallets to move the same and said bolt, said trigger having a heel toengage said other pallet only for imparting said limited movement, saidtrigger having a projecting portion to impart movement to the otherpallet for moving said bolt, said structure having a cap in the topthereof for retaining said trigger, and a foot on said bail to preventremoval of said cap when the bail is locked.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

ELLSWORTH E. QUAINTANOE.

